AAP 2026 CONFERENCE

This paper argues that the strongest form of causal necessity, which David Hume advanced as unjustified, does in fact exist. It is found, paradoxically, in the relation between causal omissions and their effects. I also propose a reformulation of the ‘c causes e iff…’ analysis into a new analysis that best accounts for causal necessity. In brief, when any causal factor, intrinsic to a causal system, is omitted, a change necessarily occurs.